A Study on Dynamic and Static Clustering Based Routing Schemes for Wireless Sensor Networks

A Wireless sensor network is an infrastructure comprised of sensing (measuring), computing, and communication elements that gives an administrator the ability to instrument, observe, and react to events and phenomena in a specified environment. The administrator typically is a civil, governmental, commercial, or industrial entity. The environment can be the physical world, a biological system, or an information technology (IT) framework. Routing is very difficult in wireless sensor network due to a large number of sensor nodes. In wireless sensor network, Routing can be divided into Flat Routing, Hierarchical Routing, Location aware Routing. Hierarchical Routing can be further divided into two parts: Dynamic and Static Hierarchical Routing or Clustering-based Routing. Dynamic Clustering based protocols are those in which the clusters are formed and diminished dynamically. Static Clustering based Routing Protocols are those in which clusters once formed remain same throughout the network lifetime. In our paper, we discuss all Dynamic and Static Clustering based Routing Protocols and its pros and cons.